axum-middleware

To order Axum middleware correctly, structure your ServiceBuilder layers so that layers added last wrap the outermost request handling. This enforces predictable middleware execution and prevents fragile server behavior.

The difference between route_layer and layer in Axum is application scope: route_layer applies middleware to specific matched routes, while layer applies it globally. Proper usage ensures per-route vs global middleware isolation.

You pass application state to Axum middleware using the from_fn_with_state function, which accepts your state instance alongside the middleware logic, enabling safe access to shared data within your middleware functions.

Yes, Axum middleware works with tower-http layers. The framework ensures compatibility with tower-http layers when composed correctly within the ServiceBuilder, allowing you to add standard HTTP utilities seamlessly.

You integrate graceful shutdown with an Axum middleware stack by configuring the server's shutdown signal alongside your ServiceBuilder layering. This prevents dropping active requests during server termination.

Axum middleware executes in the wrong order when ServiceBuilder layering is misconfigured or when route_layer and layer are confused. Enforcing correct layering per the guidance ensures requests and responses pass through predictably.