backend-patterns

JWT authentication requires login and refresh token flows integrated with middleware to intercept requests, verify access tokens, and issue new tokens upon refresh. This pattern ensures secure, role-based authorization across protected API routes.

Centralize error handling by creating a unified error handler that catches HTTP, Zod, and database exceptions. This approach standardizes error payloads into consistent response shapes, ensuring predictable client integration across your REST API.

The Redis cache-aside pattern checks the cache before querying the database; on a miss, it fetches data from the database, stores it in Redis, and returns it. Proper invalidation semantics ensure stale data is removed during transactional writes.

Design REST API routes by applying conventions for RESTful routing, standard HTTP status codes, and uniform response shapes. This consistency prevents common backend mistakes and enables predictable client integration.

You need Zod schema validation in backend development to enforce typed request and response contracts at API boundaries. It prevents invalid data from reaching your business logic and database layers by rejecting malformed payloads early.

Yes, you can use repository patterns with transactional operations to isolate data access logic and ensure database write correctness. This combination maintains data integrity by grouping related writes into atomic transactional blocks.