clean-architecture

The Dependency Rule organizes code into concentric circles where inner business policies never depend on outer details. This structure keeps business rules independent of frameworks, enabling easier testing, maintenance, and long-term evolution.

To structure software with ports and adapters, define clear boundaries with input and output ports. Wire dependencies plugin-style from the outside in, using a composition root at startup to inject adapters into the core use cases.

Map your system by grouping code into concentric circles: Entities, Use Cases, Adapters, and Frameworks. Ensure inner-circle business rules remain independent, and wire dependencies from the outside in at the composition root.

Yes, clean architecture aligns with SOLID principles across layers to ensure a stable core and flexible adapters. This alignment supports change by keeping business rules independent of outer delivery mechanisms and frameworks.

Use clean architecture during architecture reviews, domain modeling discussions, and when guiding module boundaries. It is applicable when you need business rules to remain independent of databases, frameworks, and delivery mechanisms.

Clean architecture requires strict adherence to the Dependency Rule and introduces boundaries that can add initial structural overhead. It is less suitable for small scripts where the overhead of separating adapters and use cases outweighs maintainability benefits.