cost-optimization

Reduce AWS costs by right-sizing instances based on utilization, purchasing Reserved Instances or Savings Plans for steady workloads, using Spot Instances for batch jobs, and applying S3 lifecycle policies to move data to cheaper storage tiers. Enable Cost Anomaly Detection and budget alerts to catch overspending early.

Reserved Instances commit you to specific instance configurations for 1 or 3 years with up to 72% savings. Savings Plans offer similar discounts but apply flexibly across instance families, regions, and services like EC2, Fargate, and Lambda based on hourly spend commitment.

Yes, the framework covers Azure Reserved VM Instances, Azure Hybrid Benefit, GCP Committed Use Discounts, Sustained Use Discounts, and Preemptible VMs, plus OCI flexible shapes and budgets. Each provider section includes provider-specific savings mechanisms and native cost tools.

Define a common_tags local with Environment, Project, CostCenter, Owner, and ManagedBy keys, then merge it into each resource's tags. The references/tagging-standards.md file documents required tags and enforcement practices like policy validation and weekly audits.

Use Spot or Preemptible instances for interruption-tolerant workloads like batch processing, CI/CD, and stateless services, where savings reach 80-90%. Mix them with On-Demand capacity for critical services since Spot instances can be reclaimed with short notice.