error-handling

Centralized error handling enforces consistent error types and messages by returning errors from the service layer without throwing, propagating them through the application layer, and rendering predictable UI states with retry options.

The best way to handle Axios and Firebase errors is to parse them in the service layer and return standardized error types instead of throwing, allowing the application layer to propagate them and the UI to render consistent error states.

To render predictable UI loading, error, and empty states, use guarded rendering patterns driven by centralized error types, ensuring the UI displays appropriate state messages and retry options without crashing.

Yes, the centralized error handling approach supports Spanish localization by defining standardized error types and mapping them to Spanish messages for consistent rendering across service, application, and UI layers.

Your service layer should return errors instead of throwing them to ensure predictable error propagation through the application layer, which prevents uncaught exceptions and allows the UI to render consistent error states.

Yes, you can use this centralized error handling pattern for both frontend and backend TypeScript applications because it enforces consistent error types and propagation across service, application, and UI layers.