golang-design-patterns

Idiomatic Go constructors use functional options with validation and sensible defaults instead of init() or global state. This pattern ensures explicit dependency wiring, avoids implicit side effects, and produces production-ready APIs that are easier to test and review.

Graceful shutdown and resource management in Go require defer-based cleanup, bounded pools, and timeout-aware external calls. These patterns ensure bounded resources, honor context cancellation, and prevent leaks during service termination.

Go error handling for production services should honor context cancellation by using timeout-aware external calls and retry semantics. This ensures operations fail fast when contexts expire, preventing unbounded resource consumption and stuck goroutines.

Functional options are preferred over traditional configuration structs when designing Go APIs that need validation, sensible defaults, and extensibility. This approach avoids implicit globals and premature abstraction while keeping constructors explicit and maintainable.

Yes, this Go design guidance applies to both libraries and services. It covers constructor design, error handling, resource management, dependency injection, and production hardening patterns like streaming for large data and graceful shutdown.

Reviewing Go code for production readiness involves checking for init() abuse, implicit globals, missing timeouts, and unbounded resources. Apply review checklists focused on right-sized architecture, explicit constructors, and proper context cancellation handling.