graphql-methodology

To test a GraphQL API for introspection and authorization bypass, identify endpoints like /graphql, enumerate schemas, and validate access controls using safe, well-scoped queries to prevent data leakage during security testing.

GraphQL introspection is a query mechanism allowing clients to retrieve schema types and fields. When enabled on public APIs, it exposes the entire schema structure, enabling testers to enumerate potential misconfigurations and sensitive data fields.

Start with a minimal introspection check against the GraphQL endpoint, then progressively extend queries to validate access controls. Ensure schema enumeration and permission validation are performed with safe, well-scoped queries to avoid unintended data exposure.

Yes, this methodology applies to services exposing /graphql, /api/graphql, or GraphQL playground pages with schema exposure. It structures the assessment to detect injection attempts, authorization bypass, and sensitive data exposure specific to those interfaces.

Testing with safe, well-scoped queries minimizes data leakage but may limit the depth of active injection attempts. The methodology ensures schema enumeration and access-control validation are thorough, yet inherently avoids destructive querying or aggressive data extraction.