hexagonal-architecture

Hexagonal architecture decouples business logic from frameworks by defining explicit ports and adapters, ensuring pure domain models remain isolated from infrastructure. This isolation centralizes use cases and composition roots, enabling easier testing and system evolution without framework dependencies.

Refactoring tightly coupled code into clear boundaries requires defining inbound and outbound ports around your domain model. By applying hexagonal architecture migration playbooks, you preserve existing behavior while progressively moving infrastructure code into isolated edge adapters.

Hexagonal architecture provides cross-language guidance for TypeScript, Java, Kotlin, and Go. It supports multi-platform architectures by mapping use-case orchestration, ports, adapters, and composition roots to the specific idioms and testing frameworks of each language.

To implement ports and adapters, define a single use-case boundary and wire inbound and outbound ports to connect the pure domain model to external infrastructure. Centralize this wiring at a composition root to orchestrate the feature and its adapters.

Hexagonal architecture may be unnecessary for simple CRUD applications lacking complex business rules or multiple interfaces. If your software design does not require strict domain model isolation or multi-platform support, the overhead of defining explicit ports and adapters adds little value.