logistics-exception-management

File a freight claim with the original BOL showing clean tender, delivery receipt noting the exception, commercial invoice proving value, photos, and inspection reports. US domestic claims must be filed within 9 months of delivery under the Carmack Amendment.

US domestic surface claims must be filed within 9 months of the delivery date under 49 USC § 14706. Concealed damage should be reported within 5 days, and air freight damage requires notice within 14 days under the Montreal Convention.

Concealed damage claims must be filed within 5 days of delivery as an industry standard. The burden of proof shifts to the shipper, so you need packaging integrity evidence since the carrier will challenge the claim.

Absorb losses under $500 when the carrier relationship is strong, since internal claims processing costs $150-250. For $2,500-$10,000 run the full claims process, and above $10,000 involve VP-level awareness and legal review if denied.

LTL shipments touch 2-4 terminals during transit, and each handling touch increases damage risk. FTL moves dock-to-dock with a single driver, so damage usually occurs only during loading or unloading.

Ocean carriers under COGSA limit liability to $500 per package unless a higher value is declared. Container seal integrity is critical evidence, and a surveyor inspection at the destination port supports the claim.