n8n-code-javascript

To handle webhook data in n8n Code nodes, access the payload safely through $json.body rather than $json directly, implement safe null checks, and return results formatted as [{json: {...}}] to avoid common data access pitfalls.

The correct return format for n8n Code nodes is an array of objects structured as [{json: {...}}]. When using Run Once for All Items, map your transformed data into this array structure to ensure the workflow recognizes the output.

Make HTTP API calls inside an n8n Code node by using the built-in $helpers.httpRequest utility. This method allows you to perform external API requests directly within your JavaScript logic without needing a separate HTTP Request node.

$input.all() retrieves every item passed into the Code node as an array for bulk transformations, while $input.first() retrieves only the initial item. Choose based on whether your workflow processes all items or just one.

Accessing $json directly causes errors because webhook payloads are nested inside the body property. You must access $json.body to safely extract webhook data and prevent null reference exceptions during JavaScript execution.

Yes, you can use Luxon DateTime for date transformations in n8n Code nodes. The JavaScript environment provides DateTime as a built-in utility, allowing you to parse, format, and manipulate dates directly within your workflow logic.