nanogpt

Train GPT-2 models from scratch on custom datasets with PyTorch.

11.5k|842|Updated Nov 3, 2025
One-click install
npx skills add https://github.com/Orchestra-Research/AI-Research-SKILLs --skill nanogpt
Or copy as Structured Prompt for Agent
Please help me install this Agent Skill.
Skill: nanogpt
Source: https://github.com/Orchestra-Research/AI-Research-SKILLs/tree/main/01-model-architecture/nanogpt
Command: npx skills add https://github.com/Orchestra-Research/AI-Research-SKILLs --skill nanogpt

SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION & REQUIREMENTS

💡 This Skill requires torch, transformers, datasets, tiktoken, wandb, and includes scripts (resource) and references (resource) components.

What problem does it solve?

This Skill provides a minimalist, educational implementation of the GPT architecture, allowing users to understand and experiment with transformer models from the ground up.

Core Features & Use Cases

  • Educational Transformer: Learn the inner workings of GPT with clean, concise code (~300 lines for the model, ~300 for training).
  • Reproduce GPT-2: Train a GPT-2 (124M) model on OpenWebText.
  • Custom Datasets: Train on your own text data, from character-level Shakespeare to large-scale datasets.
  • Use Case: A researcher wants to understand how attention mechanisms work in transformers by building a small GPT model themselves, or a student wants to train a language model on a custom dataset for a class project.

Quick Start

Train a small GPT model on the Shakespeare dataset using your CPU.

Frequently Asked Questions about nanogpt

High-intent search queries and answers about installing and using this skill.

FAQPage Schema
How do I build a GPT model from scratch to understand how transformers work?

To build a GPT model from scratch, this Skill provides a minimalist educational implementation of the transformer architecture in around 300 lines of code. It allows you to understand the inner workings of attention mechanisms by training a small language model on custom text datasets.

Can I train a GPT-2 model on OpenWebText using PyTorch?

Yes, you can train and reproduce a GPT-2 (124M) model on OpenWebText using PyTorch. This Skill provides the necessary scripts to train the model from scratch on large-scale datasets, utilizing the Hugging Face Transformers and Datasets libraries for data handling.

Do I need Wandb and Tiktoken to train a custom GPT language model?

Yes, you need Wandb for experiment tracking and Tiktoken for tokenization to utilize the full functionality of this GPT training Skill. Along with PyTorch and Transformers, these dependencies are required to run the training scripts and reproduce the GPT-2 architecture.

What is the best way to learn the GPT architecture for an NLP class project?

The best way to learn the GPT architecture is using a clean, concise codebase that lets you train on custom datasets like character-level Shakespeare text. This educational implementation allows students to experiment with deep learning NLP models directly from the ground up.

Does this educational GPT implementation support fine-tuning pretrained transformer models?

Yes, this educational GPT implementation supports fine-tuning pretrained transformer models in addition to training from scratch. It enables researchers to experiment with existing NLP models and adapt them using custom text data within the PyTorch framework.