Neuroimaging Sample Size Calculator

Estimate statistical power and sample sizes for neuroimaging studies via simulation.

34|5|Updated Feb 28, 2026
One-click install
npx skills add https://github.com/HaoxuanLiTHUAI/awesome_cognitive_and_neuroscience_skills --skill neuroimaging-sample-size-calculator
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Skill: Neuroimaging Sample Size Calculator
Source: https://github.com/HaoxuanLiTHUAI/awesome_cognitive_and_neuroscience_skills/tree/main/skills/neuroimaging-sample-size-calculator
Command: npx skills add https://github.com/HaoxuanLiTHUAI/awesome_cognitive_and_neuroscience_skills --skill neuroimaging-sample-size-calculator

SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION & REQUIREMENTS

💡 This Skill includes references (resource) components.

What problem does it solve?

Traditional power analysis fails for neuroimaging because it cannot account for multiple comparisons, spatial correlation, and multi-level inference. This Skill encodes a simulation-based workflow to estimate power and required sample sizes for fMRI, EEG, and MEG studies, helping researchers plan adequately powered studies.

Core Features & Use Cases

  • Simulation-based power estimation using pilot data, unthresholded maps, or meta-analytic maps.
  • ROI vs whole-brain analysis planning with guidance on effect-size deflation, multiple comparison corrections, and attrition buffers.
  • Worked examples and templates to adapt to your paradigm, including ROI-based shortcuts when full simulations are impractical.

Quick Start

Run a pilot map through the recommended power tools to estimate the required sample size for your neuroimaging study.

Frequently Asked Questions about Neuroimaging Sample Size Calculator

High-intent search queries and answers about installing and using this skill.

FAQPage Schema
How do I calculate sample size for an fMRI study using pilot data?

Simulate statistical power for fMRI studies by inputting pilot data, unthresholded maps, or meta-analytic maps. The simulation applies effect-size deflation and multiple comparison corrections to estimate the required sample size accurately.

Why does traditional power analysis fail for neuroimaging studies?

Traditional power analysis fails for neuroimaging because it ignores multiple comparisons, spatial correlation, and multi-level inference. Simulation-based power estimation solves this by modeling these spatial dependencies directly during the sample size calculation.

Can I use this simulation workflow for ROI-based analyses in EEG or MEG?

Yes, this simulation workflow supports planning ROI-based analyses for EEG or MEG. It provides specific ROI-based shortcuts and templates to adapt to your paradigm when full simulations are impractical.

What inputs do I need to estimate statistical power for whole-brain analyses?

To estimate statistical power for whole-brain analyses, you need pilot data, unthresholded statistical maps, or meta-analytic maps. These inputs drive the simulation to determine required sample sizes and apply multiple comparison corrections.

How do I account for multiple comparisons when planning a neuroimaging study?

Account for multiple comparisons when planning a neuroimaging study by using simulation-based power estimation. This approach inherently models multiple comparison corrections and spatial correlations to provide clear power reporting.