playwright-page-object-model

Page Object Model reduces brittle tests by encapsulating UI locators and actions into reusable TypeScript classes. Each page object centralizes locators and methods, so changes to the UI only require updates in one place, not across multiple test files.

Accessible, robust locators—role, label, text, test IDs, and placeholders—are preferred for maintainable Playwright tests. These locators are resilient to layout changes and align with how users interact with the UI, reducing test fragility.

Create TypeScript classes for each page or component with a constructor accepting the page object, define locators as properties, and expose meaningful action and assertion methods. This structure enables single responsibility and reusability across test suites.

Yes, Page Object Model supports component-based architecture in Playwright. You can create separate page objects for individual components and pages, then compose them into larger test workflows while maintaining encapsulation and reusability.

Encapsulation in page objects exposes only meaningful, high-level actions to tests, hiding implementation details. This reduces duplication, centralizes maintenance, and makes tests more readable and resilient to UI changes.