security-fundamentals

Defense-in-depth secures applications by implementing layered protections across network, infrastructure, application, and data boundaries. This structured approach reduces the risk of a single point of failure causing a data breach.

Least privilege enforces minimal permissions and scoped access to protect sensitive operations. Secure token handling ensures authentication tokens are properly managed, limiting exposure if an access control failure occurs.

Threat modeling identifies and evaluates potential vulnerabilities during software development. Applying OWASP risk assessment guidelines helps categorize and mitigate common security flaws like insufficient input validation.

Input validation prevents common vulnerabilities by filtering and sanitizing all data entering application boundaries. Validating inputs against strict criteria stops malicious payloads from executing unauthorized application logic.

These security fundamentals apply directly to secure coding reviews by evaluating fail-secure states and incident logging. Implementing incident logging guidelines ensures security events are properly recorded for post-breach analysis.

Fail-secure mechanisms ensure that when an application encounters an error, it defaults to a denied access state rather than an open one. This prevents accidental exposure of sensitive data during unexpected application failures.