type-confusion-testing

Detect type confusion vulnerabilities in web application parameter handling.

11|1|Updated May 4, 2026
One-click install
npx skills add https://github.com/dreadnode/capabilities --skill type-confusion-testing
Or copy as Structured Prompt for Agent
Please help me install this Agent Skill.
Skill: type-confusion-testing
Source: https://github.com/dreadnode/capabilities/tree/main/capabilities/web-security/skills/type-confusion-testing
Command: npx skills add https://github.com/dreadnode/capabilities --skill type-confusion-testing

SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION & REQUIREMENTS

💡 This Skill includes references (resource) components.

What problem does it solve?

Web applications often fail to validate the data type of incoming parameters, leading to authentication bypasses, authorization failures, unexpected query behavior, and information leaks when attackers send inputs in unexpected formats.

Core Features & Use Cases

  • Structured Type Testing Methodology: Step-by-step workflow to identify target parameters, send type variants, analyze responses, and craft exploitation payloads.
  • Multi-Language Technique Library: Detailed exploitation guidance for PHP, Ruby, JavaScript, Python, Java, and Go, including magic hash bypasses, array injection, and NoSQL operator injection.
  • Source Code Detection Patterns: Pre-built grep commands to find vulnerable loose comparisons and type-unsafe logic in application codebases.

Quick Start

Use the type-confusion-testing skill to test your application's login endpoint by sending the email parameter as an array instead of a string to check for authentication bypass vulnerabilities.

Frequently Asked Questions about type-confusion-testing

High-intent search queries and answers about installing and using this skill.

FAQPage Schema
How do I test for type confusion vulnerabilities in web applications?

Type confusion testing involves sending unexpected input formats to web app parameters and analyzing responses for authentication bypasses or authorization failures. This Skill provides a structured methodology to identify target parameters, send type variants, and craft exploitation payloads.

What is a type confusion attack and how does it cause auth bypass?

A type confusion attack exploits insecure input type handling by sending parameters in unexpected formats, causing loose comparisons to evaluate true. This leads to authentication bypasses when applications fail strict type validation across PHP, Ruby, JavaScript, Python, Java, and Go services.

Can I use type confusion testing for PHP and Ruby web services?

Yes, type confusion testing applies to PHP, Ruby, JavaScript, Python, Java, and Go web services. It provides language-specific exploitation techniques including magic hash bypasses for PHP, array injection, and NoSQL operator injection to validate vulnerable parameter handling.

How do I detect insecure type handling and loose comparisons in source code?

Detect insecure type handling using pre-built grep commands to find vulnerable loose comparisons and type-unsafe logic in application codebases. These source code detection patterns identify business logic flaws where input validation fails to enforce expected data types.

What is the best way to check login endpoints for array injection bypasses?

Test login endpoints for array injection bypasses by sending the email or password parameter as an array instead of a string. This type confusion technique checks whether unexpected input formats trigger authentication bypass vulnerabilities due to insecure parameter handling.

Why does sending an array instead of a string cause unexpected control flow?

Sending an array instead of a string causes unexpected control flow when web applications fail to validate incoming parameter data types. This type confusion leads to authorization failures, unexpected query behavior, and information leaks as type-unsafe logic processes malformed inputs.