valuation-model

DCF intrinsic value calculation projects explicit cash flows, sets WACC and growth rates via cross-validation rules, and applies sensitivity analysis to derive a defensible price range for growth companies.

Mature equity valuation uses the DDM framework with explicit step-by-step calculations and input templates to discount expected dividends, requiring cross-validated discount rate assumptions to determine intrinsic value.

Valuation trap detection systematically screens for goodwill risk, revenue quality issues, and dilution effects using a dedicated checklist, ensuring intrinsic value estimates are not distorted by hidden financial vulnerabilities.

Relative valuation applies PE bands, PB-ROE matrix, and EV/EBITDA benchmarks to China A-shares, using cross-check logic to validate absolute intrinsic value against market-specific multiples.

Diversified company valuation uses the SOTP method to compute segment-specific intrinsic values with explicit formulas, aggregating them to determine overall equity value across different market contexts.

Equity valuation requires explicit input templates for WACC, growth, and discount rates, applying cross-validation rules to ensure assumptions are defensible and sensitivity analysis is accurately modeled.