inclusive-accessibility-design

Audit WCAG compliance by checking the four POUR principles: verify contrast ratios of at least 4.5:1 for normal text, test full keyboard navigation without a mouse, confirm images have alt text, and validate semantic HTML usage. A structured workflow covers color validation, keyboard testing, screen reader checks, and a cognitive walkthrough.

WCAG requires a minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text or UI components. Meeting these ratios ensures readability for users with low vision or color blindness.

Keyboard accessibility requires every interactive element to be reachable via Tab, Enter, and Space, with visible focus styles using :focus or :focus-visible. Avoid keyboard traps in modals and menus, and ensure the tab order follows a logical sequence.

Use ARIA labels or roles only when native HTML elements cannot express the needed semantics. Always prioritize native tags like <button>, <nav>, and <main> over generic <div> elements, since assistive technologies handle native HTML more reliably.

Design for cognitive accessibility by using clear, jargon-free language, consistent navigation and iconography, and descriptive error messages that suggest corrections. Avoid content flashing more than three times per second and provide a reduce-motion option for users with vertigo or ADHD.